Field and laboratory analysis of an outbreak of foot and mouth disease in Bulgaria in 1991.

The outbreak of Foot-and- Mouth disease (ASIA 1 Type) in 1973 in Iran

An uncommon clinical form of foot-and-mouth disease in beef cattle presented with cornual skin lesions

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a major infectious disease in livestock. The common clinical signs in cattle include epidermal vesicles that are majorly distributed around oronasal cavity, feet and teats. The aim of this report is to document an uncommon clinical form of the disease which comprises the occurrence of classic vesicular lesion in a rarely observed location of the horn vegetative t...

Phylogenic analysis of serotype Asia1 foot-and-mouth disease virus from Sulaimani/Iraq using VP1 protein: heterogeneity with vaccine strain As1/Shamir/89

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotypes O, A and Asia1 are responsible for a significant number of disease outbreaks in Iraq. The current study can be considered as the first molecular characterization of serotype Asia1 in Iraq. The present investigation reports the detection of serotype FMDV Asia1 from local farms in Sulaimani districts in 2012 and 2014 outbreaks. Phylogenetic analysis o...

Serum troponin I as an indicator of myocarditis in lambs affected with foot and mouth disease

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease of cloven-hooved livestock and wildlife results to relatively high mortality in young animals. Despite the numerous reports of FMD-related death in neonates, there is little data available on various aspects of FMD in lambs. This report describes myocarditis associated with FMD in five, one week to three months old lambs. The lam...

Development of an Indirect Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay to Detect Antibodies against Serotype A2013 of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus in Cattle

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a contagious animal disease that causes irreparable damage to the economy of countries, including Iran in which this disease is a native one. Among the ways to combat FMD are vaccination and slaughter. Due to the specific situation of Iran, it is not possible to kill infected animals. Therefore, vaccination is the most important way to fight this disease. S...